what are the factors affecting petroleum degradationwhat are the factors affecting petroleum degradation

what are the factors affecting petroleum degradation28 May what are the factors affecting petroleum degradation

B. M. Applegate, S. R. Kehrmeyer, and G. S. Sayler, A chromosomally based tod-luxCDABE whole-cell reporter for benzene, toluene, ethybenzene, and xylene (BTEX) sensing, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. The different mechanisms, namely, hydraulic control, phytovolatilization, rhizoremediation, and phytotransformation. 176, 670699. Extremophiles 21, 10811090. doi: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2008.10.004, Overholt, W. A., Marks, K. P., Romero, I. C., Hollander, D. J., Snell, T. W., and Kostka, J. E. (2015). Transcriptional response of bathypelagic marine bacterioplankton to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. III. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.009, Wasmund, K., Burns, K. A., Kurtbke, D. I., and Bourne, D. G. (2009). 222, 195201. LC3-associated phagocytosis promotes glial degradation of axon - Nature A. Daverey and K. Pakshirajan, Production of sophorolipids by the yeast Candida bombicola using simple and low cost fermentative media, Food Research International, vol. Although some bacteria have been reported to have a broad spectrum of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation ability, Dietzia sp. With the sharp increase in population and modernization of society, environmental pollution resulting from petroleum hydrocarbons has increased, resulting in an urgent need for remediation. Hazard. (2015). Compared to microbial products, very few nutrient additives have been developed and marketed specifically as commercial bioremediation agents for oil spill cleanup. Fuel 117, 230235. Sci. and the mechanism of formation of micelles in the uptake of hydrocarbons [75]. 587594, 2009. 286289, 2000. (2018). 30, no. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-01901, Brown, D. M., Okoro, S., van Gils, J., van Spanning, R., Bonte, M., Hutchings, T., et al. T. Iida, T. Sumita, A. Ohta, and M. Takagi, The cytochrome P450ALK multigene family of an n-alkane-assimilating yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica: cloning and characterization of genes coding for new CYP52 family members, Yeast, vol. 6, pp. Bioemulsifier-producing bacteria, which have attracted much attention, generally have the following two physiological aspects: (1) the ability to enhance the complexation and solubilization of non-polar substrates, thereby promoting the bioavailability of substrates, and (2) the ability to improve affinity between cell surfaces and oil-water interfaces through metabolism, promoting deformation of the oil-water interface film (Hou et al., 2018). The claimed advantages of Inipol EAP22 include (1) preventing the formation of water-in-oil emulsions by reducing the oil viscosity and interfacial tension; (2) providing controlled release of nitrogen and phosphorus for oil biodegradation; (3) exhibiting no toxicity to flora and fauna and good biodegradability [99]. Uptake and trans-membrane transport of petroleum hydrocarbons by microorganisms. In addition, there is no time to screen for indigenous bacteria or flora in contaminated accident zones, and the application of exogenous bacteria requires scientific assessment, government approval, etc., all of which will consume time (Ivshina et al., 2015). Microbiol. 23, no. (2017). Hydrocarbon components have been known to belong to the family of carcinogens and neurotoxic organic pollutants. Andrea Franzetti [.] (2017). Hydrocarbons differ in their susceptibility to microbial attack. EC1. Nine bacterial strains, namely, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp., Alcaligenes sp., Acinetobacter lwoffi, Flavobacterium sp., Micrococcus roseus, and Corynebacterium sp. B. Lal and S. Khanna, Degradation of crude oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans, Journal of Applied Bacteriology, vol. Such organisms are candidates for the treatment of oil pollutants (Margesin et al., 2003; Ron and Rosenberg, 2014; Lea-Smith et al., 2015). J. Y. Hrywna, T. V. Tsoi, O. V. Maltseva, J. F. Quensen III, and J. M. Tiedje, Construction and characterization of two recombinant bacteria that grow on ortho- and para-substituted chlorobiphenyls, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. J. Microbiol. Environ. 195200, 1979. was found to be capable of utilizing n-alkanes of chain length C10C40 as a sole source of carbon [41]. 2, pp. Extremely high levels of petroleum hydrocarbons strongly inhibit bacterial growth, resulting in poor biodegradation efficiency and even death of the bacteria (Ma et al., 2015). Among Pseudomonads, P. aeruginosa is widely studied for the production of glycolipid type biosurfactants. Effects of rhamnolipid on the biodegradation of n-hexadecane by microorganism and the cell surface hydrophobicity. Int. A better understanding of the mechanism of biodegradation has a high ecological significance that depends on the indigenous microorganisms to transform or mineralize the organic contaminants. 62, no. 1, pp. Biodegrad. 15, 8591. Although oil pollution is difficult to treat, petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria have evolved as a result of existing in close proximity to naturally occurring petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.044, Sarkar, P., Roy, A., Pal, S., Mohapatra, B., Kazy, S. K., Maiti, M. K., et al. Chem. 30, 911922. 42, no. Schematic diagram of the physical contact between bacteria and petroleum hydrocarbons. isolated from a tropical environment, Chemosphere, vol. 115122, 1996. [92] reported that immobilization of bacterial cells enhanced the biodegradation rate of crude oil compared to free living cells in a wide range of culture salinity. S. S. Cameotra and P. Singh, Bioremediation of oil sludge using crude biosurfactants, International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, vol. The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0505901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41877053), and the Project of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province (20160520025JH). Environ. Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and The Factors Effecting Rate It is estimated that approximately 150 g of nitrogen and 30 g of phosphorous are consumed to convert 1 kg of hydrocarbons in bacterial cells (Ron and Rosenberg, 2014). 6198, Macmillan, New York, NY, USA, 1984. Genetic engineering for biodegradation of contaminants. Ron and Rosenberg (2014) found that adherence of hydrophobic pollutants to bacterial cells is mainly related to hydrophobic fimbriae, fibrils, outer-membrane proteins and lipids, as well as certain small molecules present in cell surfaces such as gramicidin S and prodigiosin. Curr. It is probably because common fertilizers are inexpensive, readily available, and have been shown effective if used properly. However, clean-up of petroleum oil pollutants by relying on the strength of these indigenous microorganisms alone will take a long time; therefore, it is necessary to develop intervention measures to speed the process up. 25, no. RAG-1, with C16 alkane as the carbon source and beneficial to bacterial adherence, assimilation hydrophobic substrates and their metabolic activity (Rosenberg and Rosenberg, 1985). C. E. Cerniglia, D. T. Gibson, and C. Van Baalen, Oxidation of naphthalene by cyanobacteria and microalgae, Journal of General Microbiology, vol. This paper provides an updated information on microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants towards the better understanding in bioremediation challenges. Accordingly, it is difficult to reproduce laboratory results in practical applications. One important requirement is the presence of microorganisms with the appropriate metabolic capabilities. Int. 90, no. 40, no. doi: 10.1007/s12010-015-1603-5, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Abbasnezhad, H., Gray, M., and Foght, J. M. (2011). R. Atlas and J. Bragg, Bioremediation of marine oil spills: when and when notthe Exxon Valdez experience, Microbial Biotechnology, vol. Technol. Biodeterior. Moreover, petroleum hydrocarbons are completely mineralized into carbon dioxide and water under the action of various microbes, although bioremediation is time-consuming. Surfactants enhance solubilization and removal of contaminants [84, 85]. In general, petroleum oil hydrocarbons are not necessary substrates for hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, and they utilize these compounds as alternative carbon and energy sources, especially in the absence of their preferable substrates. Soil Decontamination Biotechnology, H. J. Rehm and G. Reed, Eds., vol. Bioremediation agents in NCP product schedule (Adapted from USEPA, 2002). 2, pp. R. N. Z. Several bioremediation approaches through bioaugmentation or/and biostimulation have been successfully applied. The hydrocarbon biodegradation depends upon many factors including microbial count, hydrocarbon toxicity, pH, temperature, aeration and moisture conditions and the availability of nutrients in the environment. Manage. 476481, 1993. But the list was modified, and the number of bioremediation agents was reduced to nine. Chemosphere 71, 17381744. The results showed that the presence of biosurfactant in BIOREN 1 was the most active ingredient which contributed to the increase in oil degradation rates whereas BIOREN 2 (without biosurfactant) was not effective in that respect. J. M. Foght and D. W. S. Westlake, Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in freshwater, in Oil in Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology, J. H. Vandermeulen and S. R. Hrudey, Eds., pp. 287338, 1992. Saf. Maki et al. Depending on the chain length, enzyme systems are required to introduce oxygen in the substrate to initiate biodegradation (Table 1). 12, pp. The intrusion of contaminant vapors into indoor spaces is of concern due to potential threats to safety (e.g . The degradation pathways of a variety of petroleum hydrocarbons (e.g., aliphatics and polyaromatics) have been shown to employ oxidizing reactions; however, these pathways differ greatly because of the specific oxygenases found in different bacterial species. 451458, 2001. 23, no. 65, no. B., Oliveira, J. S., Silva-Portela, R. C., Araujo, W., Carlos, A. C., Vasconcelos, A. T. R., et al. Environ. Biodegradation of crude oil by a defined co-culture of indigenous bacterial consortium and exogenous Bacillus subtilis. J. L. Ramos, A. Wasserfallen, K. Rose, and K. N. Timmis, Redesigning metabolic routes: manipulation of TOL plasmid pathway for catabolism of alkylbenzoates, Science, vol. Petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are ubiquitous in nature and can utilize these compounds as sources of carbon and energy. Biotechnol. 2, pp. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02625-15, Ghosal, D., Ghosh, S., Dutta, T. K., and Ahn, Y. 342365, 1996. Many environmental factors such as temperature, nutrients, electron acceptors and substrates play vital roles in bioremediation and influence biodegradation reactions (Varjani and Upasani, 2017). 5965, 2006. Biosurfactants increase the oil surface area and that amount of oil is actually available for bacteria to utilize it [90]. Nat. 1, pp. doi: 10.1007/BF00409840, Chaerun, S. K., Tazaki, K., Asada, R., and Kogure, K. (2004). Environ. Low-temperature biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (n-alkanes, phenol, anthracene, pyrene) by four actinobacterial strains. H. Maki, T. Sasaki, and S. Haramaya, Photooxidation of biodegradable crude oil and toxicity of the photooxidized products, Chemosphere, vol. Appl. Soil contaminated with petroleum has a serious hazard to human health and causes environmental problems as well. ISME J. This also implies that the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination requires the joint action of multiple functional bacteria to achieve the best environmental purification effect (Dombrowski et al., 2016). 224, 327332. For example, Pseudomonas putida F1 can efficiently mineralize benzene, toluene and phenol. Peripheral degradation pathways convert organic pollutants step by step into intermediates of the central intermediary metabolism, for example, the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This occurs because contaminants such as PAHs are highly hydrophobic, and their sorption to soil decreases their bioavailability for plant uptake and phytotransformation. O. Pornsunthorntawee, P. Wongpanit, S. Chavadej, M. Abe, and R. Rujiravanit, Structural and physicochemical characterization of crude biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa SP4 isolated from petroleumcontaminated soil, Bioresource Technology, vol. Characterization of bacterial isolates from industrial wastewater according to probable modes of hexadecane uptake. 6, pp. Oleispira antarctica gen. nov., sp. J. Given the complexity of the petroleum components, construction of the minimal functional bacterial consortium or genetic engineering bacteria for bioremediation of petroleum oil has become a trend in this field (Dvok et al., 2017). Figure 2 shows the main principle of aerobic degradation of hydrocarbons [75]. However, some surfactants, such as Corexit 9500, were reported to exhibit adverse impacts on oil-degrading bacteria (Kleindienst et al., 2015b) because of toxicity of the surfactant toward bacteria or as a result of competition of the surfactant with hydrocarbon substrates (Laha and Luthy, 1991; Liu et al., 2016). J. 5, pp. In recent years, the use of bacteria to deal with environmental pollutants has become a promising technology because of its low cost and eco-friendly nature (Guerra et al., 2018). Enhanced bioremediation of oil spills in the sea. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.072, Brown, L. M., Gunasekera, T. S., Striebich, R. C., and Ruiz, O. N. (2016).

Sony Record Player Vertical, Bowel Irrigation Benefits, Allbirds Pointed Flats, Articles W