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The exact date of William's birth is confused by contradictory statements by the Norman chroniclers. [94] But the families of Harold and his brothers lost their lands, as did some others who had fought against William at Hastings. [117] William's forces were forced to lift the siege, and the king returned to Rouen. The diploma is dated 8th January 1639, * which was afterwards ratified in parliament, 17th November 1641. [118], Word of William's defeat at Gerberoi stirred up difficulties in northern England. [2], Norman government under William was similar to the government that had existed under earlier dukes. [22] Yet another guardian, Osbern, was slain in the early 1040s in William's chamber while the duke slept. Thomas, baptized July 16, 1620 (no further mention). [133][u] Government was still centred on William's household; when he was in one part of his realms, decisions would be made for other parts of his domains and transmitted through a communication system that made use of letters and other documents. from tree Kittredge Family Tree (Private) Birth. in Bergundy, France. worldwide traders. described in what is called the Grand Deed. Henry de Gray had several sons; (I) Robert of Rotherfield, (II) Richard Family legend says that he and brother Edward Gray, son of John of Stapleford, the progenitor of this branch The Vexin was a buffer state between Normandy and the lands of the French king, and Simon had been a supporter of William. Lord John and Lord Thomas Gray. Museum number . 1. His consolidation of power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062. coin. It is unclear whether William would have been supplanted in the ducal succession if Robert had had a legitimate son. The other, the De obitu Willelmi, or On the Death of William, has been shown to be a copy of two 9th-century accounts with names changed. Hereward escaped, but Morcar was captured, deprived of his earldom, and imprisoned. 1476; and Lady Jane Grey who was queen of England for a few days. [56] Another important appointment was that of William's half-brother, Odo, as Bishop of Bayeux in either 1049 or 1050. Her rule was contested by Robert, Baldwin's brother. The peerage of Scotland: containing an historical and genealogical He married Matilda of Flanders in 1051, in Normandy, France. Valiant service during a 1066 expedition to England with William the Conqueror earned the Grays high position in political circles. there were at least twenty different families of Grays, or different branches So William had three kids we care about: William II, Henry I and Adela. Many of the people have more than one path to William, but this is mostly just showing one (ideally the shortest path). [49] Geoffrey Martel described him as without equal as a fighter and as a horseman. [2], Throughout the summer, William assembled an army and an invasion fleet in Normandy. [107][r] Philip, although thwarted in this attempt, turned his attentions to Brittany, leading to a revolt in 1075. The first, which he led, faced Henry. His marriage to Matilda appears to have been quite affectionate, and there are no signs that he was unfaithful to her unusual in a medieval monarch. Although William of Poitiers and William of Jumiges disagree about where the fleet was built Poitiers states it was constructed at the mouth of the River Dives, while Jumiges states it was built at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme both agree that it eventually sailed from Valery-sur-Somme. William I, byname William the Conqueror or William the Bastard or William of Normandy, French Guillaume le Conqurant or Guillaume le Btard or Guillaume de Normandie, (born c. 1028, Falaise, Normandy [France]died September 9, 1087, Rouen), duke of Normandy (as William II) from 1035 and king of England (as William I) from 1066, one of the greatest soldiers and rulers of the Middle Ages . There is no record of the reason from the Council, and the main evidence is from Orderic Vitalis. thelred died unexpectedly in 1016, and Cnut became king of England. If John Tebbel is correct in his book "Turning The World Upside Down", [96] By March, William was secure enough to return to Normandy, but he took with him Stigand, Morcar, Edwin, Edgar, and Waltheof. From a Boston Transcript clipping in the Durfee film 804977, "Clarkes The remaining earls Edwin (of Mercia), Morcar (of Northumbria), and Waltheof (of Northampton) were confirmed in their lands and titles. The listing for each county gives the holdings of each landholder, grouped by owners. While his father Robert was the Duke of Normandy, his mother was no duchess. Edward, son of Edward of Plymouth, went on to be a founder of Tiverton, This is detail between different branches of the same family Lady Jane Grey (r. 10-19 July 1553) The accession of Lady Jane Grey as Queen was engineered by the powerful Duke of Northumberland, President of the King's Council, in the interests of promoting his own dynastic line. [127], By William's death, after weathering a series of rebellions, most of the native Anglo-Saxon aristocracy had been replaced by Norman and other continental magnates. Andy Rhind-Tutt claims to have traced his family back to the Saxon . From the Charleton family it passed by marriage in 1421 to John Grey. William the Conqueror (1028-1087) - Find a Grave Memorial William I, the first Norman King of England, ascended to the throne in 1066 shortly after the death of his second cousin, Edward the Confessor. He celebrated Christmas at Winchester and dealt with the aftermath of the rebellion. Ralph also requested Danish aid. William remained in Normandy while his men in England subdued the revolt. Owain received 10,000 marks (L6,666) ransom for him. It was a fairly simple administrative system, built around the ducal household,[53] which consisted of a group of officers including stewards, butlers, and marshals. William also appointed deputies who could make decisions while he was absent, especially if the absence was expected to be lengthy. Orderic Vitalis later recorded that Odo had aspirations to become pope. family of Stapleford were similar to the names in Edward Grays family. [46][k] The marriage was important in bolstering William's status, as Flanders was one of the more powerful French territories, with ties to the French royal house and to the German emperors. diverse branches. Ralph was bottled up in Norwich Castle by the combined efforts of Odo of Bayeux, Geoffrey de Montbray, Richard fitzGilbert, and William de Warenne. Following his arrival back on the continent he married his daughter Constance to Duke Alan of Brittany, in furtherance of his policy of seeking allies against the French kings. Next, he led his forces around the south and west of London, burning along the way. It is to be presumed [54], William cultivated close relations with the church in his duchy. was too old to go to war, but he used his extensive farm and fortune to This tomb was again destroyed during the French Revolution but was eventually replaced with the current ledger stone. The French king, seeking a focus for those opposed to William's power, then proposed that Edgar be given the castle of Montreuil-sur-Mer on the Channel, which would have given Edgar a strategic advantage against William. He Was Illegitimate. [80] He probably learned of William's landing while he was travelling south. [130] William was known for his love of hunting, and he introduced the forest law into areas of the country, regulating who could hunt and what could be hunted. They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 5 daughters. man shot, but the first to die at the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770. Brief History of the Royal Family CGP Grey [85] Although the numbers on each side were about equal, William had both cavalry and infantry, including many archers, while Harold had only foot soldiers and few, if any, archers. The Grays were not restored to their rights and court favor until the that Edward and Thomas were to inherit. There are those like Captain [110] However, Edgar was forced to submit to William shortly thereafter, and he returned to William's court. Emma went into exile in Flanders until Harthacnut became king following Harold's death in 1040, and his half-brother Edward followed Harthacnut to England; Edward was proclaimed king after Harthacnut's death in June 1042. Although the chronicler William of Poitiers claimed that Edward's succession was due to Duke William's efforts, this is highly unlikely, as William was at that time practically powerless in his own duchy. He was crowned the Duke in 1035 and over the years made himself the mightiest noble in France, later seizing the English throne in 1066. Most were constructed from earth and timber, but work had also begun on great stone towers in . [20], The anarchy in the duchy lasted until 1047,[21] and control of the young duke was one of the priorities of those contending for power. By 12 April 1080, William and Robert had reached an accommodation, with William once more affirming that Robert would receive Normandy when he died. We trace his journey from 1027 when he. in Harrow-on-the-Hill church records there is a John Gray baptized February William "the Conqueror", king of England - Geni issue has continued in Scotland." There are a few like Henry led the main thrust through the county of vreux, while the other wing, under the king's brother Odo, invaded eastern Normandy. [i] The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s,[43][j] possibly unsanctioned by the pope. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England, 1. [2] At an ecclesiastical council held in Lillebonne in 1080, he was confirmed in his ultimate authority over the Norman church. of King Edward, her son the young Prince Consort, and her son Lord Gray, homes in the New World. [1] The brothers had been at odds over the succession, and Richard's death was sudden. Collections Online | British Museum In 1072 William invaded Scotland, defeating Malcolm, who had recently invaded the north of England. Not all of the Normans who accompanied William in the initial conquest acquired large amounts of land in England. [33] Geoffrey attempted to expand his authority into the county of Maine, especially after the death of Hugh IV of Maine in 1051. [137] William's exact motivation in ordering the survey is unclear, but it probably had several purposes, such as making a record of feudal obligations and justifying increased taxation. On the death Gray Family decended from Viki - Genealogy.com Because it's the olden days, people had lots of kids, but to keep things simple this family tree is going to leave out many of them on each branch because not every child matters. W. Gray. William the Conqueror, conquered in the 'Norman Conquest' -- Norman here being code for French. One story, deriving from the Vita dwardi, a biography of Edward, claims that he was attended by his wife Edith, Harold, Archbishop Stigand, and Robert FitzWimarc, and that the king named Harold as his successor. William and Malcolm agreed to peace by signing the Treaty of Abernethy, and Malcolm probably gave up his son Duncan as a hostage for the peace. taken to England where he was imprisioned. Although English and Norman forces remained on alert throughout 1085 and into 1086, the invasion threat was ended by Cnut's death in July 1086. William I 'The Conqueror' (r. 1066-1087) | The Royal Family William The Conqueror Biography - Facts, Childhood, Family Life [45] Contemporary writers considered the marriage, which produced four sons and five or six daughters, to be a success. Also, it says, "Gray, called Gray. She was a nobody, likely the daughter of a tanner and far, far below his father's station. [30], William's next efforts were against Guy of Burgundy, who retreated to his castle at Brionne, which William besieged. of Rotherfield, Codmore, Wilton, Rhuthun, Groby and Rugemont, the Viscount [122] In 1082 William ordered the arrest of his half-brother Odo. Richilde proposed marriage to William fitzOsbern, who was in Normandy, and fitzOsbern accepted. [115], In late 1077 or early 1078 trouble began between William and his eldest son, Robert. Included among them were Robert of Belleme, William de Breteuil, and Roger, the son of Richard fitzGilbert. changed to DeGray and then to Gray. [s] William was able to make peace with Philip in 1077 and secured a truce with Count Fulk in late 1077 or early 1078. [92], William may have hoped the English would surrender following his victory, but they did not. [104], In 1071 William defeated the last rebellion of the north. Modern historians have come to the conclusion that the New Forest depopulation was greatly exaggerated. Each shire was administered by a royal official called a sheriff, who roughly had the same status as a Norman viscount. The fleet carried an invasion force that included, in addition to troops from William's own territories of Normandy and Maine, large numbers of mercenaries, allies, and volunteers from Brittany, northeastern France, and Flanders, together with smaller numbers from other parts of Europe. if you have any questions, please e-mail Rodney Gray at "wyarg 'at' juno dot com". The historian Eleanor Searle speculates that William was raised with the three cousins who later became important in his career William fitzOsbern, Roger de Beaumont, and Roger of Montgomery. [58], The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in the "D" version, states that William visited England in the later part of 1051, perhaps to secure confirmation of the succession,[59] or perhaps William was attempting to secure aid for his troubles in Normandy. Sam Andrew Morton Carr Descendant of the right-hand general Ker of William the Conqueror. It was an annual tax based on the value of landholdings, and it could be collected at differing rates. Famous Descendants of William the Conqueror of England English sources claim that Ealdred, the Archbishop of York, performed the ceremony, while Norman sources state that the coronation was performed by Stigand, who was considered a non-canonical archbishop by the papacy. themselves in politics, literature, and the learned professions and still The Grays in Ireland, usually France in the 9th century with his Norwegian followers and established He was the second Horrible Facts About William The Conqueror, The Invader King - Factinate [2] He also relied on the clergy for advice, including Lanfranc, a non-Norman who rose to become one of William's prominent ecclesiastical advisors in the late 1040s and remained so throughout the 1050s and 1060s. [138], William left Normandy to Robert, and the custody of England was given to William's second surviving son, also called William, on the assumption that he would become king. In August and September 1079 King Malcolm of Scots raided south of the River Tweed, devastating the land between the River Tees and the Tweed in a raid that lasted almost a month. [121], Sources for William's actions between 1082 and 1084 are meagre. de Gray. Pardon was a grandson of Edward of Tiverton add very active in town government in the reign of Edward IV., from whom are descended and branched the Barons Six of the names in the John Gray Andrew Morton Carr Descendant of the right-hand general Ker of William the Conqueror.

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